Genus Marpissa described by Bohdanowicz and Proszynski, 1987
Systematic studies on East Palaearctic Salticidae (Araneae), IV. Salticidae of Japan
| Genus Marpissa C.L.Koch, 1846
The genus, based on Marpissa muscosa (Clerck,1758) as type species, is characterized by flattening of the lateral surface of palpal cymbium in males and by complicated coils of epigyne in females. The genus as outlined here, consisits of two distinct groups of species, often considered to be separate genera. The Marpissa proper (M.dybowski, M.pulla and other) has broad, flattened abdomen, bulbs rounded with embolus encircling it, cymbium very broad and usually rounded. The second group of species (M.elongata, M.magister, M.pulchra and others) is characterized by elongate narrow abdomen, short embolus, epigyne consisting of two posteriorly opened grooves separated by a median ridge; the canals make compact knots. That group has been often named Hyctia Simon, 1876[type species Hyctia nivoyi (Lucas,1846)], Mithion Simon,1884 (type species Mithion semiargenteus Simon,1884), Icidella Strand in Bosenberg et Starnd,1906 [type species Icidella interrogationis Bosenberg et Strand,1906=Marpiisa magister (Karsch,1879)(?)]. Usage of two first of these names has some merits, however, the relationship of Hyctia nivoyi to Marpissa needs further research. The best known South European species of Mithion - Mithion canestrinii (Ninni in Canestrini et Pavesi,1868) is certainly congeneric with Marpissa magister and other related species. Both groups are certainly very closely related and do form a continuous chain of forms in North America and Palaearctic. Calling them a single genus stresses these relationships although may create troubles in writing identification keys. As the type species of the genus Mithion Simon,1884 - Mithion semiargenteus Simon,1884 belongs in fact to genus Thyene Simon,1885(Proszynski 1987) there are no more species left in Mithion. That name should become a synonym of Theyne, which contains numerous speciemen three continents in spite of one year priority of Mithion. Other choice - remaining all Thyene species would cause to much nomenclatorical confusion. Very useful comparison of external characters in Marpissa magister, Marpissa elongata, Marpissa pulchra (marked No.3 but not named) and a new species, for males and females, as well as ventral abdominal markings, outlines of epigyne and lateral view of the palpal organ give Chikuni and Yaginuma (1976: 33-34). |
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| Species Marpissa dybowskii (Kulczynski,1895) Marptusa Dybowskii Kulczynski, 1895: 19-23,ff.36,41-42, Marpissa dbowskii Simon 1901: 603 et auct seq., Proszynski 1976: map 118, 1979: 311, ff.156-164, 166-168, 170; Wesoloeska 1981b: 138-139, ff.31-34, Marpissa roemeri Bosenberg et Strand, 1906: 346-347 et auct.seq., Yaginuma 1970: 671; 1974: 107, ff.228,3,4, syn.n., Marpissa koreanica Schenkel, 1963: 420-421, ff.241a-b, Wesolowska 1981b: 138(syn.Marpissa dybowskii). Material. 1 male, 1 female - Marpissa roemeri Strand, leg.det.T.Yaginuma, Japan: male - Mt.Ikoma, 8.VI.1947, female - Mt.Yoshita, 1.VIII.1964 - coll.J.Prosznski. (from Bohd. and Prosz.,1987) |
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| Male. Cephalothorax dark brown, covered laterally to the eye field and on posterior slope with adpressed whitish scales, brown sparse bristles and similar, but longer and slightly bent brown bristles laterally to the eye field and in front of eyes I; on posterior slope of carapace also longer whitish bristles. Eye field brwonish black with a copper gleam, eyes surrounding blackish. Fovea broad and shallow. Ventral margin of carapace dark brown. Legs I fawn, covered with brown setae and light hairs; on metatarsus 2 pairs of spines, on tibia 4 pais (the second to the last pair set more broadly than others), spines on femur as in M.elongata. Other legs lighter with similar spines, setae and hairs. Abdomen covered with scarce brown bristles and whitish hairs and anteriorly with whitish bristles; three fifth of its length is yellowish orange, the posterior part lighter, all covered with delicatebrown symmetric pattern (with herring bone scheme posterioly): lateral surfaces brown, dorsally sharply outlined. Spinnerets brown. Clypeus brown with brown hairs. Chelicerae brown with 2 separate retromarginal and 2 fused promarginal teeth. Palpal organ figs.90-94. Sternum yellowish grey with small brown and whitish bristles, bordered dark. Abdomen ventrally yellowish white, dotted grey. . (from Bohd. and Prosz.,1987) |
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| Female. Cephalothorax as in male. Abdomen resembles male but differs in general coloration: yellowish-white and darker spots. Clypeus fawn with white hairs. Chelicerae fawn with 1 prominent retromarginal and 2 promarginal teeth. Sternum yellowish brown with light dots as in other Marpissa, brown bristles and an inconspicuous grey line parallel to margin. Abdomen as in male. Epigyne shown on figs.95-98. (from Bohd. and Prosz.,1987) |
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Measurements
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| Species Marpissa pulla (Karsch,1879) Marputusa pulla Kasch, 1879: 87, Menemerus pulla: Bosenberg and Strand 1906: 348, ff.150, 349 et auct.seq., Yaginuma 1970: 672, 1974: 104, f.280, Marpissa pulla: Proszynski 1973b: 118,1976: map 122, f.255, Wesoloeska 1981a: 141-142, ff.37-43, 1981b: 68, ff.75-76. Material. 1 male - Menemerus? pullus (Karsch), Niijima Isl., Tokyo Pref., 1.VI.1967, leg.det.T.Yaginuma; 1 female - Menemerus? pullus (Karsch) Japan: Yamaguchi Pref., 12.Vi.1959, leg.det.T.Yaginuma - coll.J.Prosznski. |
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| Male (shown on fig.139). Cephalothorax yellowish brown, covered with brown adpressed setae; patches of whitish adpressed scales posteriorly to eyes III and laterally to eyes II. Eye field with adpressed golden scales, longer brown setae and a broad belt of dense light brownish setae behind eyes I (with a median lighter tuft); eyes surrounding blackish with longer bristles. Ventral margin dark grey. Leg I yellowish brown with yellowish white stripes on tarsus and from half length of metatarsus to half length of patella; on matatarsus 1 pair of spines (longer than in Marpissa pulchra) and 4 pairs on tibia (similar as in Marpissa dybowskii), spines in prilateral row much weaker; remaining legs lighter, with whitish tarsi and dark metatarsi. Legs II with dark brown tibia, legs III with whitish metatarsi, tibiae and patellae, legs IV similar to legs III but with dark brown patches at the joints of the light segments. Abdomen similar to that of female of Marpissa dybowskii but the dark pattern more dense (with a dark median line), borderd anteriorly with tufts of whitish hairs. Lateral surfaces with longitudinal dark grey lines. Clypeus yellowish brown with some longer brown bristles. Chelicerae also yellowish brown with 1 retromarginal and 1 (with 1-2 much smaller proxi,ally) promarginal tooth. Palpal organ shown on figs.135-138, 140-142. Sternum yellowish grey, dark bordered, centrally yellow whitish with brown bristles. Abdomen ventrally dark grey with 2 pairs of round light spots on epigastric fold and posteriorly with two parallel white lines blurred medially surrounded by light lines (consisting of dense dots along sides and forming regular trapezium). Lateral surfaces with greyish brown longitudinal lines. (from Bohd. and Prosz.,1987:90-92) |
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| Female resembling male in general pattern.
Cephalothorax dark brown with metalic gleam, with some brown bristles (especially posterioly to eyes III) and some scales as in male. Eye field mostly bald. Leg I-III are separated from the specimen, last pair with dark pattern and with spines similar as in male. Abdomen yellowish white with scarce short brown bristles and whitish setae, with light grey pattern of median line, small symmetroic round patches clise to the line and a pair of stripes composed of diagonal lines. lateral surfaces with grey longitudinal stripes. Clypeus narrow, brown with some longer light brown bristles. Chelicerae fawn with 1 retromarginal and 2 promarginal teeth. Sternum similar as in male, but generally darker. Abdomen ventrally yellowish with a light median stripes and grey longitudinal limes, lateral surfaces greyish yellow. Epigyne shown on figs.143-144. |
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Measurements
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| Figures; See http://salticidae.org/salticid/main.htm | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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